BUM, PARK, BAKALIN, CHOI, SIM, HYUN, and CHOI: Bryophyte flora of Taebaeksan Mountain National Park in Korea
Abstract
We investigated the bryophyte flora of Taebaeksan Mountain National Park in Korea by conducting a total of ten field surveys from April of 2017 to October of 2019 at various mountainous sites in the park. During the surveys, we recorded 274 taxa belonging to 68 families, 143 genera, 267 species, 3 subspecies, and 4 varieties. Among these, 92 species were reported as new to the flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains. A checklist based on a study of 990 specimens is provided as well. The most remarkable species were Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw, Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow, Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen et X.-J. Li, Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb., Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not., and Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet.
Keywords: bryophyte, flora, mosses, liverworts, Taebaeksan Mountains
The Taebaeksan Mountains are located in the northern part of Korea, southeast of Gangwon-do Province (Taebaek-si, Youngwol-gun, and Jeongseon-gun) and northwest of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province (Bongwha-gun). Since it was designated as a provincial park on 13 May 1989, Taebaeksan Mountain has widened its realm and was designated as the 22nd national park on 12 Dec 2016. The park covers an area of more than 70.052 km 2. The highest ridges of the mountain are Hambaeksan Mountain in the middle part (1,572 m a.s.l.), Janggunbong in the southern part (1,565 m a.s.l.), and Keumdaebong in the northwestern part (1,418 m a.s.l.). The mountain lies between 128°52′08″–128°59′26”E and 37°03′02″–37°14′34.5″N. The mean annual temperature in the lowland mountain area is 6.6°C, and the annual precipitation is 1,898 mm. The bryophyte flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains was investigated and included in the inventory of mosses and liverworts of the Korean peninsula by Hong (1966) and Choe (1980), but only 15 taxa were reported in these studies. More recently, Papp (2008) reported 144 bryophyte species in the flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains, and Choi (2013) reported 54 species of liverworts and hornworts. Because the bryophyte flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains has never been examined systematically, and only fragmentary floristic data are available, our objective was to describe the bryophytes of Taebaeksan Mountain National Park in as much detail as possible, including their latitudinal distribution and species ecology, as part of compiling a list of the bryophytes of Korea.
Materials and Methods
Field surveys
Our collections were carried out in habitats with a high diversity of bryophytes, such as wet habitats near stream beds, more or less dry rocks, bark of forest trees, and exposed stony fields and shaded cliffs near some mountain tops ( Figs. 1, 2). We conducted a total of 10 field surveys from April 2017 to October 2019 at various sites in the park ( Table 1). All specimens were collected in newspaper or acid-free paper, and collection date, geographical coordinates, field herbarium numbers, collector names, preliminary species name, substrates, and habitats were recorded in the field. The collected materials were air-dried in the laboratory, and some species were cultivated in the greenhouse. All specimens were deposited in the Jeonbuk National University Herbarium (JNU) and in National Institute of Biological Resources Herbarium (KB).
Comparison of bryophyte species richness levels and liverwort index
The liverwort index, which is based on the character that liverworts and hornworts tend to prefer more humid conditions than mosses do, was calculated as follows ( Nakanishi, 2001):
The latitudinal distribution of floristic elements among the liverworts
For the analysis of the distribution characteristics of liverworts, their world distribution was obtained from Lawton (1971), Noguchi ( 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994), Gao et al. (1999, 2003), Li et al. (2001, 2007), Wu et al. ( 2002, 2005, 2011), Hu et al. (2008), and Korean distribution was obtained from Choe (1980), Kim and Hwang (1991), Kim (1991), Bakalin (2010), and Choi (2013).
Results and Discussion
Bryophyte flora
Based on 990 herbarium specimens, we found that the bryophyte flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains includes 274 taxa belonging to 68 families, 143 genera, 267 species, 3 subspecies, and 4 varieties ( Table 2). Of these, Bryophyta included 167 taxa (39 families, 93 genera, 163 species, 1 subspecies, and 3 varieties) and Marchantiophyta included 107 taxa (29 families, 50 genera, 104 species, 2 subspecies, and 1 variety). This is equivalent to 28.9% of the 958 bryophyte taxa recorded on the Korean peninsula ( Lee et al., 2011; Choi, 2013). Among the recorded species, 92 taxa were newly recorded in the Taebaeksan Mountains ( Appendix 1). The most numerous species were identified to be 15 taxa of Hypnaceae, followed by 12 taxa of Polytrichaceae, Mniaceae, and Brachytheciaceae ( Appendix 1).
Comparison of bryophyte species richness levels and liverwort index
Compared with recently studied bryophyte flora [Deogyusan Mountain ( Yoon et al., 2011; Choi et al., 2013), Hallasan Mountain ( Yim, 2012), Sobaeksan Mountain ( Korea National Park Research Institute, 2016a), and Gayasan Mountain ( Korea National Park Research Institute, 2016b)], next to Hallasan Mountain (378 taxa) and Deogyusan Mountain (311 taxa), a large number of species were distributed in Taebaeksan Mountain (274 species), but the largest number of taxa (3.91) was found in Taebaeksan Mountain when compared with the area. The reason for this was that the Taebaeksan Mountain cover a small area, but include a variety of habitats, such as stony fields, coniferous forests, and small and large valleys. According to the liverwort index, which indicates the degree of humidity in the survey area, Taebaeksan Mountain (39.0%) was found to be relatively wet, and the only areas that were wet than Sobaeksan Mountain (41.9%) and Deogyusan Mountain (40.8%) ( Table 3).
The latitudinal distribution of floristic elements among the liverworts
In the analysis of floristic elements based on latitude ( Table 4), 25 taxa (23.4%) were found to be temperate, 21 (19.6%) temperate-subtropical, 19 (17.8%) arctic-boreal, 14 (13.0%) boreal temperature, 13 (12.1%) boreal, 8 (7.5%) subtropical, 5 (4.7%) multizonal, and 2 (1.9%) Arctic species ( Table 4). Compared to the distribution characteristics of bryophyte flora of the Korean Peninsula, the bryophyte flora of the Taebaeksan Mountains is characterized by temperate-subtropical taxa (+5.0%), boreal-temperate taxa (+3.8%), temperate taxa (3.3%), arctic-boreal plants (+3.2%), and lowest number of subtropical plants (−12.6%). This may be because of the geographical location of the Taebaeksan Mountains, as well as because the number of boreal and temperate plants in the stony field areas scattered on the Taebaeksan Mountains is increasing.
Comparison with previous studies
The Taebaeksan Mountains were included in the areas investigated by Choe (1980) as part of the inventory of bryophytes of the Korean Peninsula. This author published a manual on Korean Hepaticae which included 15 taxa in the Taebaeksan Mountains ( Choe, 1980). Choi (2013) reported 54 species of liverworts and hornworts on the Taebaeksan Mountains. The first survey focused on bryophytes was conducted by the Hungarian researcher Papp (2008) during 13–14 Oct 2005, and he recorded 144 taxa (102 mosses and 42 liverworts) and 13 taxa that were not yet recorded from the Korean peninsula ( Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen, Campylium squarrulosum (Besch) Kanda, Pylaisella polyantha (Hedw.) Grout, Polytrichastrum ohioense (Ren. et Card.) G. L. Smith, Pohlia proligera (Kindb.) Lindb., Plagiothacium curvifolium Schlieph., Warnstorfia exannulata (Schimp.) Loeske, Paraleucobryum sauteri (Bruch et Schimp.) Loeske, Orthorichum laevigatum var. japonicum Lewinsky, Isopterygiopsis muelleriana (Schimp.) Iwats., Hygrohypnum eugyrium (Schimp.) Broth., Cyrto-hypnum tamariscellum (C. Müll.) Buck, and Conocephalum salebrosum Szweykowski). One of these 13 unrecorded taxa ( Buxbaumia punctata) was identified on site, and 12 taxa were included in the list of literature records. The literature and survey studies were identified in a total of 274 taxa (mosses 167 and liverworts 107 taxa).
Remarkable species
The most remarkable observed species were Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw and Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow, which are rarely found in Korea, as well as Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen et X.-J. Li, which was found only in the Taebaeksan Mountains. Additionally, Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb., P. crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not., and Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet are rare-growing bryophytes which grow in high-altitude areas (more than 1,000 m) ( Fig. 3).
Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw.: This species is distributed in Japan (Honshu, Hokkaido), China (Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Yunnan, Tibet), India, The Russian Far East, Europe, North America, South America, and Africa ( Gao et al., 1999). In Korea, it was previously recorded only on Jeju Island ( Choe, 1980). We found it on a stony field in a coniferous forest between Mangyeongsa Temple and Janggunbong at an elevation of 1,160–1,245 m. This species grows with Sphagnum girgensohnii Russ., Bazzania trilobata (L.) Gray, and Schistochilopsis cornuta (Steph.) Konstant.
Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow: This species is distributed in Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu), China (Huizhou, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet), Nepal, India, Indonesia, Russia, Europe, Greenland, and North America ( Gao et al., 1999). In Korea, it was previously recorded in Baekdusan Mountain, Potaesan Mountain, Gwanmobong, Chailbong, Wagalbong, Kumgangsan Mountain, Seoraksan Mountain, Dutasan Mountain, Pyeongchang, Hwacheon, and on Jeju Island. We found it on a stony field in a coniferous forest between Mangyeongsa Temple and Janggunbong at an elevation of 1,160–1,245 m. This species grows with Sphagnum girgensohnii Russ., Bazzania trilobata (L.) Gray, Schistochilopsis cornuta (Steph.) Konstant, and Scapania ampliata Steph. in a forest of Thuja koraiensis Nakai.
Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen et X.-J. Li: This species is distributed only in China (Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet) ( Wu et al., 2005). We found it on the edge of a stony field in a coniferous forest between Mangyeongsa Temple and Janggunbong at an elevation of 1,160–1,245 m. This species grows with Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb., Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet, and Scapania ampliata Steph.
Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb.: This species is distributed in Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku), China (Chongqing, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan), Far East Russia, and North America ( Gao et al., 1999). In Korea, it was previously recorded in Seoraksan Mountain, Jirisan Mountain, Sobaeksan Mountain, Deogyusan Mountain, Hallasan Mountain, Hwacheon, and Pyeongchang. We found it on the edge of a stony field in a coniferous forest in the Danggol Valley, Mangyeongsa Temple. This species grows with Pogonatum contortum (Menzies ex Brid.) Lesq. and Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv.
Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not.: This species is distributed in Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), China (Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, and Tibet), Mongolia, Bhutan, Nepal, Russia, Europe, and North America. In Korea, it was previously recorded in Garigwangsan Mountain, Seoraksan Mountain, Sobaeksan Mountain, Pyeongchang, Cheongsong, and on Jeju Island. We found it on the edge of a stony field in a coniferous forest in the Danggol Valley, Mangyeongsa Temple. This species grows with Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb., Tritomaria quinquedentata (Huds.) H. Buch, Sphenolobus saxicola (Schrad.) Steph. and Barbilophozia barbata (Schreb.) Loeske.
Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet.: This species is distributed in Japan, China, Far East Russia, and North America. In Korea, it was previously recorded in Seoraksan Mountain, Jirisan Mountain, and Hallasan Mountain. We found it on the edge of the stony field in the Danggol Valley, Janggunbong, and Moonsubong. This species grows with Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb, and S. ampliata Steph.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The work was supported by the grant “Biological Diversity Survey of the Flora of Korean Bryophyta (NIBR201902104)” from the National Institute of Biological Resources of Ministry of Environment in Korea to C.W. Hyun. The work of Bakalin was partially supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic researches (20-04-00278). Also, we would like to thank Editage ( www.editage.co.kr) for English language editing.
Fig. 1.
The position of Taebaeksan Mountains within Korean Peninsula and the surveyed routes in this study. 
Fig. 2.
Habitats of Taebaeksan Mountains. A. Top of Taebaeksan Mountain. B. Stony slope in Janggunbong. C. Top of Hambaeksan Mountain. D. Stony slope in Danggol valley. E. Danggol valley. F. Geomryongso valley. 
Fig. 3.
Remarkable species of Taebaeksan Mountains in Korean flora. A. Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw. B. Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow. C. Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen et X.-J. Li. D. Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb. E. Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not. F. Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet. 
Table 1.
Surveyed locals and dates of Taebaeksan Mountains.
|
No. |
Localities |
Dates |
|
1 |
Geomryongso, Dumoondongjae-Geumdaebong |
14–16 Apr 2017 |
|
2 |
Manhangjae-Hambaeksan Mt. |
13–14 May 2017 |
|
3 |
Baekcheon valley, Geumcheon valley, Danggol valley and Hambaeksan Mt. |
22–25 Jun 2017 |
|
4 |
Hyunbul-temple, Baekcheon valley |
7–8 Jul 2017 |
|
5 |
Danggol valley |
22–23 Jul 2017 |
|
6 |
Baekcheon valley |
2–3 Sep 2017 |
|
7 |
Manhangjae, Hambaeksan Mt. |
9–10 Sep 2017 |
|
8 |
Cheonpyeong Bridge, Hwabangjae-Sagilreong and Yuil temple–Janggunbong |
14–17 Sep 2017 |
|
9 |
Baedan-temple-Cheonjaedan, Baekcheon valley |
28–29 Oct 2017 |
|
10 |
Danggol valley-Janggunbong |
5 Oct 2019 |
Table 2.
Summary of bryophyte flora of Taebaeksan Mountains.
|
Families |
Genera |
Species |
Subsp. |
Var. |
Taxa |
|
Bryophyta |
39 |
93 |
163 |
1 |
3 |
167 |
|
Marchantiophyta |
29 |
50 |
104 |
2 |
1 |
107 |
|
Total |
68 |
143 |
267 |
3 |
4 |
274 |
Table 3.
Comparison of the bryophyte species richness levels and liverwort indexes in other localities and Taebaeksan Mountains.
|
Taebaeksan Mt. |
Hallasan Mt. |
Gayasan Mt. |
Deogyusan Mt. |
Sobaeksan Mt. |
|
Area (km2) |
70.05 |
153.33 |
76.25 |
231.65 |
322.01 |
|
No. of taxa |
274 |
378 |
173 |
311 |
236 |
|
Mosses |
167 |
253 |
108 |
184 |
137 |
|
Liverworts |
107 |
125 |
65 |
127 |
99 |
|
Liverwort index (%) |
39.0 |
33.1 |
37.6 |
40.8 |
41.9 |
|
No. of taxa/area (km2) |
3.91 |
2.47 |
2.27 |
1.35 |
0.74 |
Table 4.
The latitude fractional composition in Taebaeksan Mountains with Korean liverworts.
|
Floristic elements (latitudinal types) |
Taxa |
Percentages (%) |
|
|
|
Korea |
Taebaeksan Mt. |
Korea |
Taebaeksan Mt. |
Comparison |
|
Arctic |
26 |
2 |
7.9 |
1.9 |
−6.0 |
|
Arctic-boreal |
48 |
19 |
14.6 |
17.8 |
+3.2 |
|
Boreal |
30 |
13 |
9.2 |
12.1 |
+2.9 |
|
Boreal-temperate |
30 |
14 |
9.2 |
13.0 |
+3.8 |
|
Temperate |
66 |
25 |
20.1 |
23.4 |
+3.3 |
|
Temperate-subtropical |
48 |
21 |
14.6 |
19.6 |
+5.0 |
|
Subtropical |
66 |
8 |
20.1 |
7.5 |
−12.6 |
|
Multizone |
14 |
5 |
4.3 |
4.7 |
+0.4 |
|
|
|
Total |
328 |
107 |
100 |
100 |
0 |
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APPENDICES
Appendix 1.
The list of bryophytes in Taebaeksan Mountains.
|
Taxa |
Korean name |
Longitudinal type |
Latitudinal type |
Voucher No. |
|
Bryophyta
|
선류식물문
|
|
|
|
|
Sphagnaceae
|
물이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw. |
산림물이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102536 |
|
*Sphagnum girgensohnii Russ. |
가는잎물이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102531a |
|
Polytrichaceae
|
솔이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Atrichum flavisetum Mitt. |
넓은주름솔이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041337 |
|
*Atrichum rhystophyllum (Müll. Hal.) Paris |
아기주름솔이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17061743 |
|
Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. |
주름솔이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Bum 17041317 |
|
*Pogonatum contortum (Menzies ex Brid.) Lesq. |
그늘들솔이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate |
Bum 17092253 |
|
Pogonatum inflexum (Lindb.) Lac. |
아기들솔이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061741 |
|
Pogonatum spinulosum Mitt. |
침들솔이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17041334 |
|
*Pogonatum urnigerum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. |
산들솔이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041330 |
|
*Polytrichastrum alpinum (Hedw.) G. L. Sm |
산솔이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17092192 |
|
*Polytrichastrum formosum (Hedw.) G. L. Sm. |
큰솔이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Temperate |
Bum 17102540 |
|
Polytrichastrum ohioense (Renauld & Cardot) G. L. Sm. |
겉솔이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Polytrichum commune Hedw. |
솔이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061781 |
|
*Polytrichum juniperinum Willd. ex Hedw. |
향나무솔이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17092248 |
|
Tetraphidaceae
|
네삭치이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Tetraphis pellucida Hedw. |
네삭치이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Buxbaumiaceae
|
담뱃대이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw. |
산투구이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Buxbaumia punctata P.-C. Chen et X.-J. Li |
태백담뱃대이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102514 |
|
Diphysciaceae
|
보리알이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Diphyscium fulvifolium Mitt. |
보리알이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Drummondiaceae
|
지붕이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Drummondia sinensis Müll. Hal. |
지붕이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061766 |
|
Grimmiaceae
|
고깔바위이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Coscinodon humilis Milde |
바위이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061857 |
|
Grimmia pilifera P. Beauv. |
흰털고깔바위이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041340 |
|
Racomitrium carinatum Cardot |
접친민서리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid. |
서리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092249 |
|
Racomitrium ericoides (Hedw.) Brid. |
누운서리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061813 |
|
*Racomitrium fasciculare (Schrad. ex Hedw.) Brid. |
민서리이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061779 |
|
Racomitrium laeteum Besch. & Cardot |
산검정서리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid. |
된서리이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17102549 |
|
Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. |
고깔바위이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041289 |
|
Ptychomitriaceae
|
곱슬이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Ptychomitrium fauriei Besch. |
주름곱슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17041275 |
|
Fissidentaceae
|
봉황이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Fissidens adianthoides Hedw. |
산봉황이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102520 |
|
Fissidens dubius P. Beauv. |
벼슬봉황이끼 |
Amphioceanic |
Tropical-subtropical |
Bum 17041319 |
|
Fissidens gymnogynus Besch. |
작은봉황이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17102577 |
|
Fissidens taxifolius Hedw. |
주목봉황이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Fissidens teysmannianus Dozy & Molk. |
아기봉황이끼 |
Asian |
Tropical-subtropical |
Bum 17041272 |
|
Ditrichaceae
|
금실이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. |
지붕빨간이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061764 |
|
*Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch. & Schimp. |
털금실이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041302 |
|
*Ditrichum pallidum (Hedw.) Hampe. |
금실이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Bum 17092149 |
|
Bruchiaceae
|
두루미이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Trematodon longicollis Michx. |
두루미이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17092146 |
|
Erpodiaceae
|
나무연지이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Venturiella sinensis (Venturi) Müll. Hal. |
나무연지이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate |
Bum 17061769 |
|
Rhabodoweisiaceae
|
주름꼬마이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Oncophorus crispifolius (Mitt.) Lindb. |
곱슬혹이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061800 |
|
Rhabdoweisia crispata (With.) Lindb. |
주름꼬마이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061762 |
|
Dicranaceae
|
꼬리이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Dicranella heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp. |
억새이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092131 |
|
*Dicranum flagellare Hedw. |
잎눈꼬리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041342 |
|
Dicranum fulvum Hook. |
갈색꼬리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Dicranum japonicum Mitt. |
꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17092184 |
|
Dicranum mayrii Broth. |
곱슬꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061825 |
|
*Dicranum nipponense Besch. |
큰꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061789 |
|
Dicranum scoparium Hedw. |
비꼬리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061826 |
|
*Dicranum viride var. hakkodense (Cardot) Takaki |
초록꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102589 |
|
Paraleucobryum sauteri (Bruch & Schimp.) Loeske |
작은잎꼬리이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Leucobryaceae
|
흰털이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Brothera leana (Sull.) Müll. Hal. |
사자이끼 |
Asian-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092231 |
|
*Dicranodontium denudatum (Brid.) E. Britton |
활이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092227 |
|
Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Aongstr. |
흰털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Leucobryum juniperoideum (Brid.) Müll. Hal. |
가는흰털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Bum 17061822 |
|
Pottiaceae
|
침꼬마이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Barbula unguiculata Hedw. |
참꼬인이이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Oxystegus tenuirostris (Hook. & Taylor) A. J. E. Sm. |
통수염이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041344 |
|
*Weissia controversa Hedw. |
꼬마이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061770 |
|
*Weissia planifolia Dixon. |
납작꼬마이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092147 |
|
Bryaceae
|
참이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Brachymenium nepalense Hook. |
노란참외이끼 |
Asian |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17041282 |
|
Rosulabryum capillare (Hedw.) J. R. Spence |
뱀밥철사이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Mniaceae
|
초롱이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Mnium lycopodioides Schwägr. |
납작맥초롱이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041292 |
|
Plagiomnium affine (Blandow ex Funck) T. J. Kop. |
산덩굴초롱이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T. J. Kop. |
들덩굴초롱이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041323 |
|
Plagiomnium maximoviczii (Lindb.) T. J. Kop. |
덩굴초롱이끼 |
Asian |
Subtropical |
Bum 17061754 |
|
Plagiomnium vesicatum (Besch.) T. J. Kop. |
큰잎덩굴초롱이끼 |
Eurasian |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Pohlia proligera (Kindb.) Broth. |
흙들수세미이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092206 |
|
Pohlia wahlenbergii (F. Weber & D. Mohr) A. L. Andrews |
철사수세미이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Rhizomnium parvulum (Mitt.) T. J. Kop. |
논밭초롱이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal |
Bum 17102555 |
|
Rhizomnium striatulum (Mitt.) T. J. Kop. |
줄미선초롱이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061763 |
|
*Rhizomnium tuomikoskii T. J. Kop. |
좁은초롱이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17102509 |
|
Trachycystis flagellaris (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. |
털아기초롱이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092202 |
|
Trachycystis microphylla (Dozy & Molk.) Lindb |
아기초롱이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Bartramiaceae
|
구슬이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Bartramia pomiformis Hedw. |
구슬이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041299 |
|
Orthotrichaceae
|
선주름이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Orthotrichum consobrinum Cardot |
아기선주름이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041269 |
|
Orthotrichum laevigatum J. E. Zetterst. var. japonicum (Z. Iwats.) Lewinsky |
돌기선주름이끼 |
Asian |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Orthotrichum sordidum Sull. & Lesq. |
선주름이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Ulota crispa (Hedw.) Brid. |
금털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092236 |
|
Hedwigiaceae
|
톳이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P. Beauv. |
톳이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041345 |
|
Climaciaceae
|
나무이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) F. Weber & D. Mohr |
곧은나무이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061808 |
|
Climacium japonicum Lindb. |
나무이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041316 |
|
Pleuroziopsis ruthenica (Weinm.) Kindb. ex E. Britton |
깃털나무이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal |
Bum 17061807 |
|
Amlystegiaceae
|
버들이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp. |
버들이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) Lange |
가는노란변덕이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092132 |
|
Campylium squarrosulum (Besch. & Cardot) Kanda |
젖힌잎변덕버들이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Hygrohypnum eugyrium (Schimp.) Loeske |
뾰족시내물이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske |
낫깃털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061784 |
|
Calliergonaceae
|
조릿대이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Warnstorfia exannulata (Schimp.) Loeske |
습지낫깃털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Leskeaceae
|
고깔검정이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Claopodium pellucinerve (Mitt.) Best |
아기가시이끼 |
Asian-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041305 |
|
*Haplocladium angustifolium (Hampe & Müll. Hal.) Broth. |
침작은명주실이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Temperate |
Bum 17041336 |
|
Hylocomiopsis ovicarpa (Besch.) Cardot |
아기호랑꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061777 |
|
Pseudoleskeopsis zippelii (Dozy & Molk.) Broth. |
물바위이끼 |
Asian |
Tropical-subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Thuidiaceae
|
깃털이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) M. Fleisch. |
전나무이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041286 |
|
Boulaya mittenii (Broth.) Cardot |
아기방울이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061786 |
|
Bryonoguchia molkenboeri (Sande Lac.) Z. Iwats. & Inoue |
참깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17092133 |
|
Fauriella tenuis (Mitt.) Cardot |
수염이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061759 |
|
Pelekium pygmaeum (Schimp.) Touw. |
그늘깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate |
Bum 17041339 |
|
Pelekium versicolor (Hornsch. ex Müll. Hal.) Touw |
아기깃털이끼 |
Asian |
Tropical-subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Rauiella fujisana (Paris) Reimers |
겉아기방울이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041271 |
|
*Thuidium assimile (Mitt.) A. Jaeger. |
털날개깃털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041287 |
|
Thuidium cymbifolium (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk. |
물가깃털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17041290 |
|
Thuidium pristocalyx (Müll. Hal.) A. Jaeger. |
푸른깃털이끼 |
Asian |
Tropical-subtropical |
Bum 17061819 |
|
Thuidium subglaucinum Cardot |
큰푸른깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Brachytheciaceae
|
양털이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Brachythecium brotheri Paris |
큰양털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17102498 |
|
Brachythecium plumosum (Hedw.) Schimp. |
날개양털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Multi zone |
Bum 17102493 |
|
Brachythecium populeum (Hedw.) Schimp. |
양털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Temperate |
Bum 17041274 |
|
Brachythecium reflexum (Starke) Schimp. |
가는양털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Brachythecium rivulare Schimp. |
물가양털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041276 |
|
Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. |
장백양털이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061752 |
|
Bryhnia hultenii E. B. Bartram |
뾰족화살이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Bryhnia novae-angliae (Sull. & Lesq.) Grout |
곱슬세모양털이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Homalothecium laevisetum Sande Lac. |
나뭇가지이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Tropical-subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Myuroclada maximowiczii (G. G. Borshch.) Steere & W. B. Schofield |
쥐꼬리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041311 |
|
Okamuraea hakoniensis (Mitt.) Broth. |
겉양털이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Rhynchostegium riparioides (Hedw.) Cardot |
물가부리이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17041277 |
|
Fabroniaceae
|
가시꼬마이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Fabronia ciliaris (Brid.) Brid. |
긴가시꼬마이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061765 |
|
Hypnaceae
|
털깃털이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Callicladium haldanianum (Grev.) H. A. Crum |
풀이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041328 |
|
Gollania ruginosa (Mitt.) Broth. |
주름사슴뿔이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041324 |
|
Herzogiella turfacea (Lindb.) Z. Iwats. |
누운아기주목이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041307 |
|
*Homomallium japonico-adnatum (Broth.) Broth. |
들쌍끝양털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17061852 |
|
Hypnum fauriei Cardot |
들털깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Hypnum fujiyamae (Broth.) Paris |
황갈털깃털이끼 |
Boreal-temperate |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061823 |
|
*Hypnum plumaeforme Wilson |
털깃털이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061742 |
|
Hypnum subimponens ssp. ulophyllum (Müll. Hal.) Ando |
낫털깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Hypnum tristo-viride (Broth.) Paris |
실털깃털이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061856 |
|
Isopterygiopsis muelleriana (Schimp.) Z. Iwats. |
북방단지이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not. |
타조이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061820 |
|
*Pylaisia cristata Cardot |
벼슬명주이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061775 |
|
Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp. |
꽃송이명주이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Taxiphyllum aomoriense (Besch.) Z. Iwats. |
겹친주목이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041297 |
|
*Taxiphyllum taxirameum (Mitt.) M. Fleisch. |
주목이끼 |
Asian-American |
Tropical-subtropical |
Bum 17041296 |
|
Hylocomiaceae
|
수풀이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Hylocomium brevirostre var. cavifolium (Sande Lac.) Nog. |
큰비룡수풀이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061832 |
|
Hylocomium pyrenaicum (Spruce) Lindb. |
비룡수풀이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061787 |
|
Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. |
수풀이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061782 |
|
*Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. |
겉창발이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061834 |
|
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (Hedw.) Warnst. |
겉굵은이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst. |
큰겉굵은이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061778 |
|
Rhytidiaceae
|
굵은이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Rhytidium rugosum (Ehrh. ex Hedw.) Kindb. |
굵은이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061828 |
|
Plagiotheciaceae
|
산주목이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Plagiothecium cavifolium (Brid.) Z. Iwats. |
둥근산주목이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061761 |
|
Plagiothecium laetum Schimp. |
굽은잎기운삭이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17092183 |
|
Plagiothecium neckeroideum Schimp. |
큰산주목이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061809 |
|
Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A. Jaeger. |
산주목이끼 |
Multi-areal |
Multi zone |
Bum 17061747 |
|
Entodontaceae
|
윤이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Entodon flavescens (Hook.) A. Jaeger. |
가지윤이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061860 |
|
*Entodon luridus (Griff.) A. Jaeger. |
물가윤이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041278, |
|
*Entodon scabridens Lindb. |
지이윤이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041335 |
|
*Entodon sullivantii (Müll. Hal.) Lindb. |
가는윤이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041268 |
|
Pylaisiadelphaceae
|
털거울이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Brotherella fauriei (Besch. ex Cardot) Broth. |
뾰죽거울이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17041309 |
|
*Brotherella henonii (Duby) M. Fleisch. |
거울이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17061760 |
|
*Pylaisiadelpha tenuirostris (Bruch & Schimp.) W. R. Buck |
털거울이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041267 |
|
Leucodontaceae
|
족제비이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Leucodon nipponicus Nog. |
뾰족잎족제비이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17041281 |
|
Leucodon pendulus Lindb. |
긴족제비이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Neckeraceae
|
납작이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Homalia trichomanoides (Hedw.) Schimp. |
윤납작이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041288 |
|
Neckera konoi Broth. |
끝고리납작이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Neckera fauriei Cardot |
초록납작이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Subtropical |
Bum 17102492 |
|
Thamnobryum coreanum (Cardot) Nog. & Z. Iwats. |
고려대호꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041286 |
|
*Thamnobryum subseriatum (Mitt. ex Sande Lac.) B. C. Tan |
대호꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041321 |
|
Lembophyllaceae
|
호랑꼬리이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Dolichomitriopsis diversiformis (Mitt.) Nog. |
겉호랑꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061848 |
|
Myuriaceae
|
새이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Isothecium subdiversiforme Broth. |
잎맥호랑꼬리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Anomodontaceae |
명주실이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
*Anomodon abbreviatus Mitt. |
산명주실이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17061795 |
|
Anomodon giraldii Müll. Hal. |
큰명주실이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041310 |
|
*Anomodon longifolius (Schleich. ex Brid.) Hartm. |
명주실이끼 |
Asian |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041318 |
|
*Anomodon minor (Hedw.) Lindb. |
푸른명주실이끼 |
Asian-American |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17061792 |
|
Anomodon rugelii (Müll. Hal.) Keissl. |
곱슬명주실이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 17041341 |
|
*Haplohymenium sieboldii (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk. |
깃털바위실이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 17092173 |
|
Haplohymenium triste (Ces.) Kindb. |
바위실이끼 |
Disjunctives |
Temperate |
Bum 17041283 |
|
Haplohymenium pseudotriste (Müll. Hal.) Broth. |
꼬마바위실이끼 |
Amphioceanic |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Choe, 1980) |
|
Herpetineuron toccoae (Sull. & Lesq.) Cardot |
나선이끼 |
Asian-American |
Tropical-subtropical |
Bum 17041280 |
|
Schwetschkeopsis fabronia (Schwägr.) Broth. |
개털이끼 |
Eastern Asia-American |
Temperate |
Bum 17041312b |
|
Marchantiophyta
|
태류식물문
|
|
|
|
|
Marchantiaceae
|
우산이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Marchantia polymorpha L. |
우산이끼 |
multizone |
multiarea |
Bum 170889 |
|
Aytoniaceae |
삿갓우산이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi ssp. hemisphaerica
|
삿갓우산이끼 |
Multiarea (cosmopolitan) |
Multizone |
Bum 170876 |
|
Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi ssp. orientalis Schust. |
김삿갓우산이끼 |
Multiarea (cosmopolitan) |
Multizone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Conocephalaceae
|
패랭이우산이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Conocephalum conicum (L.) Underw. |
패랭이우산이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170082 |
|
Conocephalum japonicum (Thunb.) Grolle |
아기패랭이우산이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Multizone |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Pelliaceae
|
물우산대이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Pellia endiviifolia (Dicks.) Dumort. |
가는물우산대이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170602 |
|
Calyculariaceae |
바위물우산대이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Calycularia crispula Mitt. |
바위물우산대이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate-subtropical |
Choi 4472, |
|
Metzgeriaceae
|
리본이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah. |
털보리본이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170089a |
|
Metzgeria furcata (L.) Corda |
산리본이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170856 |
|
Metzgeria lindbergii Schiffn. |
리본이끼 |
Multiarea (cosmopolitan |
Multizone |
Bum 170894 |
|
Metzgeria temperata Kuwah. |
무성아리본이끼 |
amphioceanic |
Temperate-subtropical |
Choi 4430 |
|
Aneuraceae
|
초록우산대이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Riccardia latifrons (Lindb.) Lindb. |
넓은쪽잎이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Porellaceae
|
세줄이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Porella caespitans var. cordifolia S. Hatt. |
침세줄이끼 |
Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170880 |
|
*Porella chinensis (Steph.) S. Hatt. |
덕항세줄이끼 |
Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170086 |
|
Porella fauriei (Steph.) S. Hatt. |
털세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Choi 4447 |
|
Porella gracillima Mitt. |
가는세줄이끼 |
Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170084 |
|
Porella grandiloba Lindb. |
큰세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Choi 4434 |
|
*Porella japonica (Sande Lac.) Mitt. |
알꼴세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 17009 |
|
*Porella stephaniana (C. Massal.) S. Hatt. |
동강세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170093 |
|
Porella subobtusa (Steph.) S. Hatt. |
끝둔한세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Only literature (Choe, 1980) |
|
Porella ulophylla (Steph.) S. Hatt. |
주름세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170896 |
|
Porella vernicosa Lindb. |
가시세줄이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170092 |
|
Radulaceae
|
부채이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Radula auriculata Steph. |
귀부채이끼 |
Amphipacific |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170605 |
|
Radula cavifolia Hampe |
큰잎부채이끼 |
Asia |
Tropical-subtropical |
Choi 4522 |
|
Radula constricta Steph. |
무성아부채이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170560b |
|
*Radula japonica Gottsche |
부채이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170881b |
|
Frullaniaceae
|
지네이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Frullania appendiculata Steph. |
침지네이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170357a |
|
Frullania davurica Hampe |
빨간지네이끼 |
Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170569a |
|
Frullania inflexa Mitt. |
굽은칼지네이끼 |
Asia |
Subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Frullania kagoshimensis Steph. |
양지지네이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Frullania muscicola Steph. |
참지네이끼 |
Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170080 |
|
Frullania polyptera Tayl. |
푸른지네이끼 |
Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Choi 4142 |
|
Frullania schensiana C. Massal. |
산지네이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170097 |
|
*Frullania taradakensis Steph. |
들지네이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
subtropical |
Bum 170100 |
|
Frullania usamienesis Steph. |
우사미지네이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170098 |
|
Lejeuneaceae
|
작은귀이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Cheilolejeunea obtusifolia (Steph.) S. Hatt. |
아기사슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170900b |
|
*Cololejeunea longifolia (Mitt.) Benedix |
긴귀이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170363 |
|
Cololejeunea macounii (Spruce ex Underw.) A. Evans |
혹귀이끼 |
Amphipacific |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170361b |
|
Cololejeunea subkodamae Mizut. |
잔털귀이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
subtropical |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Lejeuena compacta (Steph.) Steph |
잎작은귀이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
subtropical |
Bum 170357b |
|
Lejeuena japonica Mitt. |
작은귀이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170892a |
|
Microlejeunea ulicina (Taylor) Steph. |
아기작은귀이끼 |
Asia-Europe |
subtropical |
Bum 170565c, |
|
Trocholejeunea sandvicensis Mizut. |
둥근귀이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 170344g |
|
Ptilidiaceae
|
털잎이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Ptilidium pulcherrimum (G. Weber) Vainio |
털잎이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170368 |
|
Neotrichocoleaceae
|
털이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Trichocoleopsis sacculata (Mitt.) S. Okamura |
가시잎이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Choi 4512 |
|
Pseudolepicoleaceae
|
솔잎이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Blepharostoma minus Horik. |
솔잎이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170898b |
|
Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dumort. |
산솔잎이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170597 |
|
Herbertaceae
|
쌍갈고리이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Herbertus aduncus (Dicks.) Gray |
쌍갈고리이끼 |
Asian-Ametica |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170379 |
|
*Herbertus buchii Juslén |
왕쌍갈고리이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal |
Bum 170414 |
|
Lepidoziaceae
|
벼슬이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Bazzania denudata (Torr. ex Lindenb.) Trevis. |
산좀벼슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170361a |
|
*Bazzania manczurica Bakalin |
만주좀벼슬이끼 |
|
|
Bum 170346 |
|
Bazzania parabidentual Bakalin |
아기좀벼슬이끼 |
Asian-Ametica |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170378c |
|
Bazzania tricrenata (Wahlenb.) Trevis. |
세모좀벼슬이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170810 |
|
Bazzania trilobata (L.) Gray |
알꼴좀벼슬이끼 |
Amphioceanic |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170813 |
|
*Kurzia makinoana (Steph.) Grolle |
아기솔잎이끼 |
|
|
Bum 170827a |
|
Lepidozia reptans (L.) Dumort. |
누운벼슬이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170571 |
|
Lophocoleaceae
|
두끝벼슬이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Chiloscyphus pallescens (Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Dumort. |
아기물비늘이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Chiloscyphus polyanthos (L.) Corda |
물비늘이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170330 |
|
*Heteroscyphus planus (Mitt.) Schiffn. |
비늘이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Subtropical |
Bum 170890 |
|
Lophocolea bidentula (Nees) Fulford |
들두끝벼슬이끼 |
Amphioceanic |
Temperate |
Choi 4452 |
|
Cryptolophocolea compacta (Mitt.) L. Söderstr. |
산두끝벼슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170088 |
|
Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad.) Dumort. |
두끝벼슬이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170358 |
|
Lophocolea itoana Inoue |
이토두끝벼슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Choi 4442 |
|
Lophocolea minor Nees |
아기두끝벼슬이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170413 |
|
Plagiochilaceae
|
날개이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Pedinophyllum truncatum (Steph.) Inoue |
누운날개이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170335 |
|
Plagiochila fruticosa Mitt. |
가지날개이끼 |
Asian-Ametica |
Boreal |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Plagiochila ovalifolia Mitt. |
둥근날개이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate-subtropical |
Bum 172165 |
|
Plagiochila porelloides (Torrey in Nees) Lindenb. |
숲날개이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170407 |
|
*Plagiochila sciophylla Nees in Lindenb. |
아기날개이끼 |
Asian |
Subtropical |
Bum 170864 |
|
Xenochila integrifolia (Mitt.) Inoue |
세모날개이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Choi 4448 |
|
Jamesoniellaceae
|
가을비늘이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Crossogyna autumnalis (DC.) Schljakov |
가을비늘이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Bum 170096 |
|
Cephaloziaceae
|
게발이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dumort. |
꽃게발이끼 |
Multiarea |
Arctic-boreal |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Cephalozia lunulifolia (Dumort.) Dumort. |
반달게발이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170612b |
|
Odontoschismataceae
|
댕기이끼과 |
|
|
|
|
*Odontoschisma denudatum (Nees) Dumort. |
댕기이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Temperate |
Bum 170577 |
|
Odontoschisma pseudogrosseverrucosum Gradst., Aranda & Vanderp. |
잔댕기이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170827b |
|
Cephaloziellaceae
|
겉게발이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Cephaloziella divaricata (Sm.) Warnst. |
들겉게발이기 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic |
Bum 170786b |
|
*Cephaloziella hampeana (Nees) Schiffn. ex Leske |
산겉게발이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170632a |
|
Cephaloziella microphylla (Steph.) Douin |
세모겉게발이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Choi 4407 |
|
Cephaloziella spinicaulis Douin |
가시겉게발이끼 |
Asian-Ametica |
Temperate |
Bum 170874b |
|
Myliaceae
|
잔비늘이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Mylia verrucosa Lindb. |
돌잔비늘이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170783a |
|
Scapaniaceae
|
엄마이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Diplophyllum taxifolium (Wahlenb.) Dumort. |
산긴엄마이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170620a |
|
Douinia plicata (Lindb.) Konstant. et Vilnet |
긴엄마이끼 |
Amphioceanic |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170375a, |
|
Scapania ampliata Steph. |
큰엄마이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170390 |
|
Scapania apiculata Spruce |
뾰족엄마이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Choi 4460 |
|
Scapania ciliata Sande Lac. |
털엄마이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal |
Bum 170385a |
|
*Scapania integerrima Steph. |
들엄마이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170344f |
|
Scapania parvitexta Steph. |
배루카엄마이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Boreal-temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
Scapania undulata (L.) Dumort. |
자주엄마아끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170887 |
|
Lophoziaceae
|
갈래잎이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Anastrophyllum michauxii (F. Weber) H. Buch |
새깃통꼴이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170405 |
|
Barbilophozia barbata (Schreb.) Loeske |
손바닥가는단풍이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170369a |
|
Lophoziopsis excisa (Dicks.) Konstant. & Vilnet |
산중갈래잎이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170627 |
|
Plicanthus birmensis (Steph.) R.M. Schust. |
단풍이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Subtropical-tropical |
Bum 170399 |
|
*Plicanthus hirtellus (F. Weber) R.M. Schust. |
가시단풍이끼 |
Multiarea |
Subtropical-tropical |
Bum 170392 |
|
*Schistochilopsis cornuta (Steph.) Konstant. |
닭벼슬이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170816 |
|
Sphenolobus saxicola (Schrad.) Steph. |
둥근타래잎이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic |
Bum 170847 |
|
*Tetralophozia filiformis (Steph.) Urmi |
창이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170579 |
|
Tritomaria exsecta (Schmidel ex Schrad.) Schiffn. ex Loeske |
은행비늘이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal |
Bum 170626b |
|
Trilophozia quinquedentata (Huds.) Bakalin |
산은행비늘이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170369b |
|
Calypogeiaceae
|
목걸이이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Calypogeia arguta Nees & Mont. ex Nees |
아기목걸이이끼 |
Amphipacific |
Temperate |
Bum 170344e |
|
Calypogeia azurea Stotler & Crotz |
목걸이이끼 |
Amphipacific |
Temperate |
Only literature (Papp, 2008) |
|
*Calypogeia neesiana (C. Massal. & Carestia) Müll. Frib. |
산기와이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170564 |
|
*Calypogeia tosana (Steph.) Steph. |
들목걸이이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170830 |
|
Metacalypogeia cordifolia (Steph.) Inoue |
산목걸이이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Temperate |
Bum 170802 |
|
Delavayellaceae
|
꼭지망울이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Liochlaena subulata (A. Evans) Schljakov |
꼭지망울이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Boreal-temperate |
Bum 170561 |
|
Solenostomataceae
|
둥근망울이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
*Nardia assamica (Mitt.) Amak. |
빨간비늘이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170344c |
|
*Plectocolea truncata (Nees) Bakalin |
들망울이끼 |
Eastern Asia |
Subtropical-tropical |
Bum 170882 |
|
Gymnomitriaceae
|
은비늘이끼과
|
|
|
|
|
Marsupella tubulosa Steph. |
양끝통이끼 |
Circumpolar |
Arctic-boreal |
Bum 170344b |
|
|
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