Cymopterus melanotilingia(Apiaceae) was reviewed by external morphology and cross-section of leaf-margin and mericarp, and the taxonomic position of species and genus was reexamined. Based on these results, the description and a distribution map of C. melanotiligia were obtained. The leaf-margin forms a collenchymatous ridge by projecting toward the lower part. One mericarp has 2-lateral ribs and 2-intermediate ribs and the other mericarp 2-lateral ribs and 1-dorsal rib, suggesting each of them is asymmetric. These characters show that this species does not belong to the genus Ostericum s.s., but should be treated as the genus Cymopterus.