Nelumbo nucifera has been used for many purposes from the prehistoric times. This research tried to develop molecular markers and to identify genetic variation of N. nucifera using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Data matrix was made from 13 primers×62 genetic characters. The profile of the amplification products was almost shown to have polymorphic band patterns, and 13 primers yielded were good DNA markers. Genetic characters which had 1∼3 different band among 36 accessions were sixteen. These numbers occupied 25.8% among the total of 62 numbers. Additionally, the genome of N. nucifera was divided into at least three subgenomic groups. These results showed that the genome of N. nucifera had a high level of genetic diversity.
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